Internal Revenue Code:Sec. 6654. Failure by individual to pay estimated income tax
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Location in Internal Revenue Code
TITLE 26 - INTERNAL REVENUE CODE
Subtitle F - Procedure and Administration
CHAPTER 68 - ADDITIONS TO THE TAX, ADDITIONAL AMOUNTS, AND
ASSESSABLE PENALTIES
Subchapter A - Additions to the Tax and Additional Amounts
PART I - GENERAL PROVISIONS
Statute
Sec. 6654. Failure by individual to pay estimated income tax
(a) Addition to the tax
Except as otherwise provided in this section, in the case of any
underpayment of estimated tax by an individual, there shall be
added to the tax under chapter 1 and the tax under chapter 2 for
the taxable year an amount determined by applying -
(1) the underpayment rate established under section 6621,
(2) to the amount of the underpayment,
(3) for the period of the underpayment.
(b) Amount of underpayment; period of underpayment
For purposes of subsection (a) -
(1) Amount
The amount of the underpayment shall be the excess of -
(A) the required installment, over
(B) the amount (if any) of the installment paid on or before
the due date for the installment.
(2) Period of underpayment
The period of the underpayment shall run from the due date for
the installment to whichever of the following dates is the
earlier -
(A) the 15th day of the 4th month following the close of the
taxable year, or
(B) with respect to any portion of the underpayment, the date
on which such portion is paid.
(3) Order of crediting payments
For purposes of paragraph (2)(B), a payment of estimated tax
shall be credited against unpaid required installments in the
order in which such installments are required to be paid.
(c) Number of required installments; due dates
For purposes of this section -
(1) Payable in 4 installments
There shall be 4 required installments for each taxable year.
(2) Time for payment of installments
---------------------------------------------------------------------
In the case of the following The due date is:
required installments:
---------------------------------------------------------------------
1st April 15
2nd June 15
3rd September 15
4th January 15 of the following
taxable year.
-------------------------------
(d) Amount of required installments
For purposes of this section -
(1) Amount
(A) In general
Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amount of any
required installment shall be 25 percent of the required annual
payment.
(B) Required annual payment
For purposes of subparagraph (A), the term ''required annual
payment'' means the lesser of -
(i) 90 percent of the tax shown on the return for the
taxable year (or, if no return is filed, 90 percent of the
tax for such year), or
(ii) 100 percent of the tax shown on the return of the
individual for the preceding taxable year.
Clause (ii) shall not apply if the preceding taxable year was
not a taxable year of 12 months or if the individual did not
file a return for such preceding taxable year.
(C) Limitation on use of preceding year's tax
(i) In general
If the adjusted gross income shown on the return of the
individual for the preceding taxable year beginning in any
calendar year exceeds $150,000, clause (ii) of subparagraph
(B) shall be applied by substituting the applicable
percentage for ''100 percent''. For purposes of the
preceding sentence, the applicable percentage shall be
determined in accordance with the following table:
The
If the preceding taxable applicable
year begins in: percentage is:
1998 105
1999 108.6
2000 110
2001 112
2002 or thereafter 110.
This clause shall not apply in the case of a preceding taxable
year beginning in calendar year 1997.
(ii) Separate returns
In the case of a married individual (within the meaning of
section 7703) who files a separate return for the taxable
year for which the amount of the installment is being
determined, clause (i) shall be applied by substituting
''$75,000'' for ''$150,000''.
(iii) Special rule
In the case of an estate or trust, adjusted gross income
shall be determined as provided in section 67(e).
(2) Lower required installment where annualized income
installment is less than amount determined under paragraph
(1)
(A) In general
In the case of any required installment, if the individual
establishes that the annualized income installment is less than
the amount determined under paragraph (1) -
(i) the amount of such required installment shall be the
annualized income installment, and
(ii) any reduction in a required installment resulting from
the application of this subparagraph shall be recaptured by
increasing the amount of the next required installment
determined under paragraph (1) by the amount of such
reduction (and by increasing subsequent required installments
to the extent that the reduction has not previously been
recaptured under this clause).
(B) Determination of annualized income installment
In the case of any required installment, the annualized
income installment is the excess (if any) of -
(i) an amount equal to the applicable percentage of the tax
for the taxable year computed by placing on an annualized
basis the taxable income, alternative minimum taxable income,
and adjusted self-employment income for months in the taxable
year ending before the due date for the installment, over
(ii) the aggregate amount of any prior required
installments for the taxable year.
(C) Special rules
For purposes of this paragraph -
(i) Annualization
The taxable income, alternative minimum taxable income, and
adjusted self-employment income shall be placed on an
annualized basis under regulations prescribed by the
Secretary.
(ii) Applicable percentage
In the case of the following The applicable
required installments: percentage is:
1st 22.5
2nd 45
3rd 67.5
4th 90.
(iii) Adjusted self-employment income
The term ''adjusted self-employment income'' means
self-employment income (as defined in section 1402(b));
except that section 1402(b) shall be applied by placing wages
(within the meaning of section 1402(b)) for months in the
taxable year ending before the due date for the installment
on an annualized basis consistent with clause (i).
(D) Treatment of subpart F and section 936 income
(i) In general
Any amounts required to be included in gross income under
section 936(h) or 951(a) (and credits properly allocable
thereto) shall be taken into account in computing any
annualized income installment under subparagraph (B) in a
manner similar to the manner under which partnership income
inclusions (and credits properly allocable thereto) are taken
into account.
(ii) Prior year safe harbor
If a taxpayer elects to have this clause apply to any
taxable year -
(I) clause (i) shall not apply, and
(II) for purposes of computing any annualized income
installment for such taxable year, the taxpayer shall be
treated as having received ratably during such taxable year
items of income and credit described in clause (i) in an
amount equal to the amount of such items shown on the
return of the taxpayer for the preceding taxable year (the
second preceding taxable year in the case of the first and
second required installments for such taxable year).
(e) Exceptions
(1) Where tax is small amount
No addition to tax shall be imposed under subsection (a) for
any taxable year if the tax shown on the return for such taxable
year (or, if no return is filed, the tax), reduced by the credit
allowable under section 31, is less than $1,000.
(2) Where no tax liability for preceding taxable year
No addition to tax shall be imposed under subsection (a) for
any taxable year if -
(A) the preceding taxable year was a taxable year of 12
months,
(B) the individual did not have any liability for tax for the
preceding taxable year, and
(C) the individual was a citizen or resident of the United
States throughout the preceding taxable year.
(3) Waiver in certain cases
(A) In general
No addition to tax shall be imposed under subsection (a) with
respect to any underpayment to the extent the Secretary
determines that by reason of casualty, disaster, or other
unusual circumstances the imposition of such addition to tax
would be against equity and good conscience.
(B) Newly retired or disabled individuals
No addition to tax shall be imposed under subsection (a) with
respect to any underpayment if the Secretary determines that -
(i) the taxpayer -
(I) retired after having attained age 62, or
(II) became disabled,
in the taxable year for which estimated payments were required
to be made or in the taxable year preceding such taxable
year, and
(ii) such underpayment was due to reasonable cause and not
to willful neglect.
(f) Tax computed after application of credits against tax
For purposes of this section, the term ''tax'' means -
(1) the tax imposed by chapter 1 (other than any increase in
such tax by reason of section 143(m)), plus
(2) the tax imposed by chapter 2, minus
(3) the credits against tax provided by part IV of subchapter A
of chapter 1, other than the credit against tax provided by
section 31 (relating to tax withheld on wages).
(g) Application of section in case of tax withheld on wages
(1) In general
For purposes of applying this section, the amount of the credit
allowed under section 31 for the taxable year shall be deemed a
payment of estimated tax, and an equal part of such amount shall
be deemed paid on each due date for such taxable year, unless the
taxpayer establishes the dates on which all amounts were actually
withheld, in which case the amounts so withheld shall be deemed
payments of estimated tax on the dates on which such amounts were
actually withheld.
(2) Separate application
The taxpayer may apply paragraph (1) separately with respect to
-
(A) wage withholding, and
(B) all other amounts withheld for which credit is allowed
under section 31.
(h) Special rule where return filed on or before January 31
If, on or before January 31 of the following taxable year, the
taxpayer files a return for the taxable year and pays in full the
amount computed on the return as payable, then no addition to tax
shall be imposed under subsection (a) with respect to any
underpayment of the 4th required installment for the taxable year.
(i) Special rules for farmers and fishermen
For purposes of this section -
(1) In general
If an individual is a farmer or fisherman for any taxable year
-
(A) there shall be only 1 required installment for the
taxable year,
(B) the due date for such installment shall be January 15 of
the following taxable year,
(C) the amount of such installment shall be equal to the
required annual payment determined under subsection (d)(1)(B)
by substituting ''66 2/3 percent'' for ''90 percent'' and
without regard to subparagraph (C) of subsection (d)(1), and
(D) subsection (h) shall be applied -
(i) by substituting ''March 1'' for ''January 31'', and
(ii) by treating the required installment described in
subparagraph (A) of this paragraph as the 4th required
installment.
(2) Farmer or fisherman defined
An individual is a farmer or fisherman for any taxable year if
-
(A) the individual's gross income from farming or fishing
(including oyster farming) for the taxable year is at least 66
2/3 percent of the total gross income from all sources for the
taxable year, or
(B) such individual's gross income from farming or fishing
(including oyster farming) shown on the return of the
individual for the preceding taxable year is at least 66 2/3
percent of the total gross income from all sources shown on
such return.
(j) Special rules for nonresident aliens
In the case of a nonresident alien described in section 6072(c):
(1) Payable in 3 installments
There shall be 3 required installments for the taxable year.
(2) Time for payment of installments
The due dates for required installments under this subsection
shall be determined under the following table:
---------------------------------------------------------------------
In the case of the following The due date is:
required installments:
---------------------------------------------------------------------
1st June 15
2nd September 15
3rd January 15 of the following
taxable year.
-------------------------------
(3) Amount of required installments
(A) First required installment
In the case of the first required installment, subsection (d)
shall be applied by substituting ''50 percent'' for ''25
percent'' in subsection (d)(1)(A).
(B) Determination of applicable percentage
The applicable percentage for purposes of subsection (d)(2)
shall be determined under the following table:
In the case of the following The applicable
required installments: percentage is:
1st 45
2nd 67.5
3rd 90.
(k) Fiscal years and short years
(1) Fiscal years
In applying this section to a taxable year beginning on any
date other than January 1, there shall be substituted, for the
months specified in this section, the months which correspond
thereto.
(2) Short taxable year
This section shall be applied to taxable years of less than 12
months in accordance with regulations prescribed by the
Secretary.
(l) Estates and trusts
(1) In general
Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, this section
shall apply to any estate or trust.
(2) Exception for estates and certain trusts
With respect to any taxable year ending before the date 2 years
after the date of the decedent's death, this section shall not
apply to -
(A) the estate of such decedent, or
(B) any trust -
(i) all of which was treated (under subpart E of part I of
subchapter J of chapter 1) as owned by the decedent, and
(ii) to which the residue of the decedent's estate will
pass under his will (or, if no will is admitted to probate,
which is the trust primarily responsible for paying debts,
taxes, and expenses of administration).
(3) Exception for charitable trusts and private foundations
This section shall not apply to any trust which is subject to
the tax imposed by section 511 or which is a private foundation.
(4) Special rule for annualizations
In the case of any estate or trust to which this section
applies, subsection (d)(2)(B)(i) shall be applied by substituting
''ending before the date 1 month before the due date for the
installment'' for ''ending before the due date for the
installment''.
(m) Regulations
The Secretary shall prescribe such regulations as may be
necessary to carry out the purposes of this section.
Sources
(Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 823; Pub. L. 87-682, Sec.
1(a)(4), Sept. 25, 1962, 76 Stat. 575; Pub. L. 89-368, title I,
Sec. 102(b)(1)-(3), 103(a), Mar. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 62-64; Pub. L.
91-172, title III, Sec. 301(b)(13), Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 586;
Pub. L. 92-5, title II, Sec. 203(b)(7), Mar. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 11;
Pub. L. 92-336, title II, Sec. 203(b)(7), July 1, 1972, 86 Stat.
420; Pub. L. 93-66, title II, Sec. 203(b)(7), (d), July 9, 1973, 87
Stat. 153; Pub. L. 93-233, Sec. 5(b)(7), (d), Dec. 31, 1973, 87
Stat. 954; Pub. L. 93-625, Sec. 7(c), Jan. 3, 1975, 88 Stat. 2115;
Pub. L. 94-455, title XIX, Sec. 1906(a)(35), (b)(13)(A), Oct. 4,
1976, 90 Stat. 1829, 1834; Pub. L. 95-30, title I, Sec. 102(b)(16),
May 23, 1977, 91 Stat. 139; Pub. L. 95-600, title IV, Sec.
421(e)(9), Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2877; Pub. L. 97-34, title VI,
Sec. 601(a)(6)(A), title VII, Sec. 725(b), (c)(5), Aug. 13, 1981,
95 Stat. 336, 346; Pub. L. 97-248, title II, Sec. 207(d)(7),
formerly Sec. 207(c)(7), title III, Sec. 307(a)(14), 308(a),
328(a), Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 420, 590, 591, 618, renumbered Sec.
207(d)(7), Pub. L. 97-448, title III, Sec. 306(a)(1)(A)(i), Jan.
12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2400; Pub. L. 97-448, title I, Sec.
106(a)(4)(C), 107(c)(1), title II, Sec. 201(j)(3), Jan. 12, 1983,
96 Stat. 2390, 2391, 2396; Pub. L. 98-67, title I, Sec. 102(a),
Aug. 5, 1983, 97 Stat. 369; Pub. L. 98-369, div. A, title IV, Sec.
411, July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 788; Pub. L. 99-514, title XIV, Sec.
1404(a), title XV, Sec. 1511(c)(14), 1541(a), (b), title XVIII,
Sec. 1841, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2713, 2745, 2751, 2852; Pub. L.
100-418, title I, Sec. 1941(b)(6)(A), Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat.
1324; Pub. L. 100-647, title I, Sec. 1014(d)(1), (2), title IV,
Sec. 4005(g)(5), Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3560, 3651; Pub. L.
101-239, title VII, Sec. 7811(j)(5), (6), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat.
2411, 2412; Pub. L. 102-164, title IV, Sec. 403(a), (b), Nov. 15,
1991, 105 Stat. 1062, 1064; Pub. L. 103-66, title XIII, Sec.
13214(a), (b), Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 475; Pub. L. 103-465, title
VII, Sec. 711(b), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4998; Pub. L. 105-34,
title X, Sec. 1091(a), title XII, Sec. 1202(a), Aug. 5, 1997, 111
Stat. 962, 994; Pub. L. 105-277, div. J, title II, Sec. 2003(a),
Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-901; Pub. L. 106-170, title V, Sec.
531(a), Dec. 17, 1999, 113 Stat. 1928.)
Miscellaneous
AMENDMENTS
1999 - Subsec. (d)(1)(C)(i). Pub. L. 106-170 in table substituted
items assigning applicable percentages of 108.6 for 1999 and 110
for 2000 for item assigning applicable percentage of 106 for 1999
or 2000.
1998 - Subsec. (d)(1)(C)(i). Pub. L. 105-277 in table substituted
items assigning applicable percentages of 105 for 1998 and 106 for
1999 or 2000 for item assigning applicable percentage of 105 for
1998, 1999, or 2000.
1997 - Subsec. (d)(1)(C)(i). Pub. L. 105-34, Sec. 1091(a),
reenacted heading without change and amended text generally. Prior
to amendment, text read as follows: ''If the adjusted gross income
shown on the return of the individual for the preceding taxable
year exceeds $150,000, clause (ii) of subparagraph (B) shall be
applied by substituting '110 percent' for '100 percent'.''
Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 105-34, Sec. 1202(a), substituted
''$1,000'' for ''$500''.
1994 - Subsec. (d)(2)(D). Pub. L. 103-465 added subpar. (D).
1993 - Subsec. (d)(1)(C) to (F). Pub. L. 103-66, Sec. 13214(a),
added subpar. (C) and struck out former subpars. (C) to (F) which
related to limitation on use of preceding year's tax, modified
adjusted gross income for current year, qualified pass-thru item,
and other definitions and special rules, respectively.
Subsec. (j)(3)(A). Pub. L. 103-66, Sec. 13214(b)(1), struck out
before period at end ''and subsection (d)(1)(C)(iii) shall not
apply''.
Subsec. (l)(4). Pub. L. 103-66, Sec. 13214(b)(2), substituted
''subsection (d)(2)(B)(i)'' for ''paragraphs (1)(C)(iv) and
(2)(B)(i) of subsection (d)''.
1991 - Subsec. (d)(1)(C) to (F). Pub. L. 102-164, Sec. 403(a),
added subpars. (C) to (F).
Subsec. (i)(1)(C). Pub. L. 102-164, Sec. 403(b)(1), amended
subpar. (C) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (C) read as
follows: ''the amount of such installment shall be equal to the
required annual payment (determined under subsection (d)(1)(B) by
substituting '66 2/3 percent' for '90 percent', and''.
Subsec. (j)(3)(A). Pub. L. 102-164, Sec. 403(b)(2), inserted
before period at end ''and subsection (d)(1)(C)(iii) shall not
apply''.
Subsec. (l)(4). Pub. L. 102-164, Sec. 403(b)(3), substituted
''paragraphs (l)(C)(iv) and (2)(B)(i) of subsection (d)'' for
''subsection (d)(2)(B)(i)''.
1989 - Subsec. (l)(1). Pub. L. 101-239, Sec. 7811(j)(5),
substituted ''this section shall'' for ''this subsection shall''.
Subsec. (l)(2)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 101-239, Sec. 7811(j)(6), inserted
before period at end ''(or, if no will is admitted to probate,
which is the trust primarily responsible for paying debts, taxes,
and expenses of administration)''.
1988 - Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 100-647, Sec. 4005(g)(5), inserted
''(other than any increase in such tax by reason of section
143(m))'' after ''chapter 1''.
Subsec. (f)(3). Pub. L. 100-418 amended par. (3) generally.
Prior to amendment par. (3) read as follows: ''the sum of -
''(A) the credits against tax allowed by part IV of subchapter
A of chapter 1, other than the credit against tax provided by
section 31 (relating to tax withheld on wages), plus
''(B) to the extent allowed under regulations prescribed by the
Secretary, any overpayment of the tax imposed by section 4986
(determined without regard to section 4995(a)(4)(B)).''
Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 100-647, Sec. 1014(d)(2), substituted
''Estates and trusts'' for ''Trusts and certain estates'' in
heading and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read
as follows: ''This section shall apply to -
''(1) any trust, and
''(2) any estate with respect to any taxable year ending 2 or
more years after the date of the death of the decedent's death.''
Pub. L. 100-647, Sec. 1014(d)(1), made clarifying amendment to
directory language of Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 1404(a), to reflect
prior redesignation of subsec. (k) as (l) by section 1841 of Pub.
L. 99-514, see 1986 Amendment note below.
1986 - Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 1511(c)(14),
substituted ''the underpayment rate established under section
6621'' for ''the applicable annual rate established under section
6621''.
Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(i). Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 1541(a), substituted
''90 percent'' for ''80 percent'' in two places.
Subsec. (d)(2)(C)(ii). Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 1541(b)(1), in table
of applicable percentages increased applicable percentages from
''20'' to ''22.5'', from ''40'' to ''45'', from ''60'' to ''67.5'',
and from ''80'' to ''90'', respectively.
Subsec. (i)(1)(C). Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 1541(b)(2), substituted
''90 percent'' for ''80 percent''.
Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 1841, added subsec. (j). Former
subsec. (j) redesignated (k).
Subsec. (j)(3)(B). Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 1541(b)(3), which
directed the amendment of the table in subpar. (B) by substituting
''45'' for ''40'', ''65.5'' for ''60'', and ''90'' for ''80'',
could not be executed because the higher figures appear in the text
as enacted by section 1841 of Pub. L. 99-514.
Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 1841, redesignated former
subsec. (j) as (k). Former subsec. (k) redesignated (l).
Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 1404(a), as amended by Pub. L.
100-647, Sec. 1014(d)(1), amended subsec. (l) generally. Prior to
amendment, subsec. (l) read as follows: ''This section shall not
apply to any estate or trust.''
Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 1841, redesignated subsec. (k) as (l).
Former subsec. (l) redesignated (m).
Subsec. (m). Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 1841, redesignated former
subsec. (l) as (m).
1984 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98-369 amended subsec. (a) generally,
setting out the exception provision as initial phrase, previously
set out as second phrase, substituting ''subsection (d)'' for
''this section''; and substituting ''determined by applying - ''
and provisions designated cls. (1) to (3) for provisions reading
''determined at an annual rate established under section 6621 upon
the amount of the underpayment (determined under subsection (b))
for the period of the underpayment (determined under subsection
(c)))''.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98-369 amended subsec. (b) generally,
substituting provisions relating to amount and period of
underpayment for provisions relating only to amount of
underpayment.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98-369 amended subsec. (c) generally,
substituting provisions relating to number of required installments
and due dates for provisions respecting period of underpayment.
See subsec. (b)(2) of this section.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 98-369 amended subsec. (d) generally,
substituting provisions relating to amount of required installments
for provisions designated ''Exception'' and describing conditions
for nonimposition of an addition to the tax with respect to any
underpayment of any installment.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 98-369 amended subsec. (e) generally,
substituting provisions relating to exceptions for provisions
relating to application of section in case of tax withheld on
wages. See subsec. (g) of this section.
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 98-369 amended subsec. (f) generally,
substituting provisions relating to tax computed after application
of credits against tax for provisions relating to exception where
tax is small amount. See subsec. (e)(1) of this section.
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 98-369 amended subsec. (g) generally,
substituting provisions relating to application of section in case
of tax withheld on wages for provisions relating to tax computed
after application of credits against tax. See subsec. (f) of this
section.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 98-369 amended subsec. (h) generally,
substituting provisions relating to special rule for returns filed
on or before January 31 for provisions relating to exception for no
tax liability for preceding taxable year. See subsec. (e)(2) of
this section.
Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 98-369 amended subsec. (i) generally,
substituting provisions relating to special rules for farmers and
fishermen for provisions relating to short taxable year. See
subsec. (j)(2) of this section.
Subsecs. (j) to (l). Pub. L. 98-369, in amending section
generally, added subsecs. (j) to (l).
1983 - Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 98-67 repealed amendments made by
Pub. L. 97-248. See 1982 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 97-448, Sec. 107(c)(1), inserted '',
reduced by the credit allowable under section 31,'' before ''is
less than''.
Subsec. (g)(3)(B). Pub. L. 97-448, Sec. 201(j)(3), amended
subpar. (B) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (B) read as
follows: ''to the extent allowed under regulations prescribed by
the Secretary, any amount which is treated under section 6429 or
6430 as an overpayment of the tax imposed by section 4986''.
Pub. L. 97-448, Sec. 106(a)(4)(C), inserted ''or 6430'' after
''section 6429''.
1982 - Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 97-248, Sec. 307(a)(14), 308(a),
provided that, applicable to payments of interest, dividends, and
patronage dividends paid or credited after June 30, 1983, par. (1)
is amended by inserting '', interest, dividends, and patronage
dividends'' after ''tax withheld at source on wages''. Section
102(a), (b) of Pub. L. 98-67, title I, Aug. 5, 1983, 97 Stat. 369,
repealed subtitle A (Sec. 301-308) of title III of Pub. L. 97-248
as of the close of June 30, 1983, and provided that the Internal
Revenue Code of 1954 (now 1986) (this title) shall be applied and
administered (subject to certain exceptions) as if such subtitle A
(and the amendments made by such subtitle A) had not been enacted.
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 97-248, Sec. 328(a)(2), substituted ''(f),
and (h)'' for ''and (f)''.
Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 97-248, Sec. 201(d)(7), formerly Sec.
201(c)(7), substituted ''section 55'' for ''section 55 or 56''.
Subsec. (g)(3). Pub. L. 97-248, Sec. 307(a)(14), 308(a), provided
that, applicable to payments of interest, dividends, and patronage
dividends paid or credited after June 30, 1983, subsec. (g)(3) is
amended by inserting '', interest, dividends, and patronage
dividends'' after ''tax withheld at source on wages''. Section
102(a), (b) of Pub. L. 98-67, title I, Aug. 5, 1983, 97 Stat. 369,
repealed subtitle A (Sec. 301-308) of title III of Pub. L. 97-248
as of the close of June 30, 1983, and provided that the Internal
Revenue Code of 1954 (now 1986) (this title) shall be applied and
administered (subject to certain exceptions) as if such subtitle A
(and the amendments made by such subtitle A) had not been enacted.
Subsecs. (h), (i). Pub. L. 97-248, Sec. 328(a)(1), added subsec.
(h) and redesignated former subsec. (h) as (i).
1981 - Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 97-34, Sec. 725(b), added subsec.
(f). Former subsec. (f) redesignated (g).
Subsec. (f)(3). Pub. L. 97-34, Sec. 601(a)(6)(A), inserted ''the
sum of - '' after ''(3)'', designated former par. (3) as subpar.
(A), and added subpar. (B).
Subsecs. (g), (h). Pub. L. 97-34, Sec. 601(a)(6)(A), 725(b),
(c)(5), redesignated former subsec. (f) as (g), inserted reference
to subsec. (f) in introductory text, and ''the sum of - '' after
''(3)'', designated former par. (3) as subpar. (A), and added
subpar. (B). Former subsec. (g) redesignated (h).
1978 - Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 95-600 substituted ''section 55 or
56'' for ''section 56''.
1977 - Subsec. (d)(2)(A). Pub. L. 95-30 substituted provisions
directing that the placement of taxable income on an annualized
basis be accomplished under regulations prescribed by the Secretary
for provisions which had spelled out in detail the formula under
which taxable income would be placed on an annualized basis.
1976 - Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 94-455, Sec. 1906(b)(13)(A), struck
out ''or his delegate'' after ''Secretary''.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 94-455, Sec. 1906(a)(35), struck out subsec.
(h) which provided that this section shall apply to taxable years
beginning after Dec. 31, 1954 and that section 294(d) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1939 shall continue in force with respect
to taxable years beginning before Jan. 1, 1955.
1975 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 93-625 substituted ''an annual rate
established under section 6621'' for ''the rate of 6 percent per
annum''.
1973 - Subsec. (d)(2)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 93-233, Sec. 5(b)(7),
effective with respect to taxable years beginning after 1973,
substituted ''$13,200'' for ''$12,600''.
Pub. L. 93-233, Sec. 5(d), applicable only with respect to
remuneration paid after, and taxable years beginning after, 1973
(as provided in section 5(e) of Pub. L. 93-233, set out as an
Effective Date of 1973 Amendments note under section 409 of Title
42, The Public Health and Welfare), amended section 203(b)(7)(C) of
Pub. L. 92-336 (set out as 1973 Amendment note below), substituting
''$13,200'' for ''$12,600''. See, also, 1973 Amendment note below.
Pub. L. 93-66, Sec. 203(b)(7), effective with respect to taxable
years beginning after 1973, substituted ''$12,600'' for
''$12,000''.
Pub. L. 93-66, Sec. 203(d), applicable only with respect to
remuneration paid after, and taxable years beginning after, 1973
(as provided in section 203(e) of Pub. L. 93-66, set out as an
Effective Date of 1973 Amendments note under section 409 of Title
42, The Public Health and Welfare), amended section 203(b)(7)(C) of
Pub. L. 92-336 (set out as 1972 Amendment note below, substituting
''$12,600'' for ''$12,000''. See, also, such 1972 Amendment note
below.
1972 - Subsec. (d)(2)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 92-336, Sec. 203(b)(7)(A)
substituted ''$10,800'' for ''$9,000''.
Pub. L. 92-336, Sec. 203(b)(7)(B), effective with respect to
taxable years beginning after 1973, substituted ''$12,000'' for
''$10,800''.
Pub. L. 92-336, Sec. 203(b)(7)(C), effective with respect to
taxable years beginning after 1974, substituted ''(I) an amount
equal to the contribution and benefit base (as determined under
section 230 of the Social Security Act) which is effective for the
calendar year in which the taxable year begins, over (II)'' for
''$12,000 over''.
1971 - Subsec. (d)(2)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 92-5 substituted ''$9,000''
for ''$6,600''.
1969 - Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 91-172 inserted ''(other than by
section 56)'' after ''chapter 1''.
1966 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 89-368, Sec. 102(b)(1), inserted
''and the tax under chapter 2'' after ''chapter 1''.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 89-368, Sec. 103(a), substituted ''80
percent'' for ''70 percent'' whenever appearing.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 89-368, Sec. 102(b)(2), 103(a), inserted
requirement that, for purposes of applying the annualization
exception, the tax on adjusted self-employment income be included
in determining if the net earnings from self-employment for the
taxable year equal or exceed $400, inserted definition of
''adjusted self-employment income'', inserted a requirement that,
for purposes of determining the applicability of the 90 percent
exception, the tax on actual self-employment income be included,
and substituted ''80 percent'' for ''70 percent'' wherever
appearing.
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 89-368, Sec. 102(b)(3), inserted tax imposed
by chapter 2 to definition of ''tax''.
1962 - Subsecs. (b), (d)(1)(C). Pub. L. 87-682 inserted ''or
fishing'' after ''from farming'' wherever appearing.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1999 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 106-170, title V, Sec. 531(b), Dec. 17, 1999, 113 Stat.
1928, provided that: ''The amendment made by this section (amending
this section) shall apply with respect to any installment payment
for taxable years beginning after December 31, 1999.''
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1998 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 105-277, div. J, title II, Sec. 2003(b), Oct. 21, 1998,
112 Stat. 2681-902, provided that: ''The amendment made by this
section (amending this section) shall apply with respect to any
installment payment for taxable years beginning after December 31,
1999.''
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1997 AMENDMENT
Section 1091(b) of Pub. L. 105-34 provided that: ''The amendment
made by this section (amending this section) shall apply with
respect to any installment payment for taxable years beginning
after December 31, 1997.''
Section 1202(b) of Pub. L. 105-34 provided that: ''The amendments
made by this section (amending this section) shall apply to taxable
years beginning after December 31, 1997.''
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1994 AMENDMENT
Section 711(c) of Pub. L. 103-465 provided that: ''The amendments
made by this section (amending this section and section 6655 of
this title) shall apply for purposes of determining underpayments
of estimated tax for taxable years beginning after December 31,
1994.''
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1993 AMENDMENT
Section 13214(c) of Pub. L. 103-66 provided that: ''The
amendments made by this section (amending this section) shall apply
to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1993.''
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1991 AMENDMENT
Section 403(c) of Pub. L. 102-164 provided that: ''The amendments
made by this section (amending this section) shall apply to taxable
years beginning after December 31, 1991.''
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1989 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 101-239 effective, except as otherwise
provided, as if included in the provision of the Technical and
Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988, Pub. L. 100-647, to which such
amendment relates, see section 7817 of Pub. L. 101-239, set out as
a note under section 1 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1988 AMENDMENTS
Amendment by section 1014(d)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 100-647
effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the
provision of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, Pub. L. 99-514, to which
such amendment relates, see section 1019(a) of Pub. L. 100-647, set
out as a note under section 1 of this title.
Amendment by section 4005(g)(5) of Pub. L. 100-647 applicable to
financing provided, and mortgage credit certificates issued, after
Dec. 31, 1990, with certain exceptions, see section 4005(h)(3) of
Pub. L. 100-647, set out as a note under section 143 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 100-418 applicable to crude oil removed from
the premises on or after Aug. 23, 1988, see section 1941(c) of Pub.
L. 100-418, set out as a note under section 164 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1986 AMENDMENTS
Pub. L. 100-203, title X, Sec. 10303(a), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat.
1330-430, provided that: ''Notwithstanding section 1541(c) of the
Tax Reform Act of 1986 (section 1541(c) of Pub. L. 99-514, set out
below), the amendments made by section 1541 of such Act (amending
this section) shall apply only to taxable years beginning after
December 31, 1987.''
Amendment by section 1404(a) of Pub. L. 99-514 applicable to
taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1986, see section 1404(d) of
Pub. L. 99-514, set out as a note under section 643 of this title.
Amendment by section 1511(c)(14) of Pub. L. 99-514 applicable for
purposes of determining interest for periods after Dec. 31, 1986,
see section 1511(d) of Pub. L. 99-514, set out as a note under
section 47 of this title.
Section 1541(c) of Pub. L. 99-514 provided that: ''The amendments
made by this section (amending this section) shall apply to taxable
years beginning after December 31, 1986.'' (See section 10303(a) of
Pub. L. 100-203, set out above.)
Amendment by section 1841 of Pub. L. 99-514 effective, except as
otherwise provided, as if included in the provisions of the Tax
Reform Act of 1984, Pub. L. 98-369, div. A, to which such
amendment relates, see section 1881 of Pub. L. 99-514, set out as a
note under section 48 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1984 AMENDMENT
Section 414(a) of Pub. L. 98-369, as amended by Pub. L. 99-514,
Sec. 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that:
''(1) In general. - The amendments made by sections 411 and 412
(amending this section and sections 871, 1403, 6012, 6020, 6201,
6362, 6601, 6651, 7203, 7216, and 7701 of this title and repealing
sections 6015, 6073, and 6153 of this title) shall apply with
respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1984.
''(2) Waiver authority. - The provisions of paragraph (3) of
section 6654(e) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (formerly
I.R.C. 1954) (as amended by section 411) shall also apply with
respect to underpayments for taxable years beginning in 1984.''
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1983 AMENDMENT
Amendment by section 106(a)(4)(C) of Pub. L. 97-448 effective
Jan. 1, 1982, see section 106(a)(4)(E)(ii) of Pub. L. 97-448, set
out as an Effective Date note under section 6430 of this title.
Amendment by title I of Pub. L. 97-448 effective, except as
otherwise provided, as if it had been included in the provision of
the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981, Pub. L. 97-34, to which such
amendment relates, see section 109 of Pub. L. 97-448, set out as a
note under section 1 of this title.
Amendment by title II of Pub. L. 97-448 effective, except as
otherwise provided, as if it had been included in the provision of
the Crude Oil Windfall Profit Tax Act of 1980, Pub. L. 96-223, to
which such amendment relates, see section 203(a), (b) of Pub. L.
97-448, set out as a note under section 6652 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1982 AMENDMENT
Amendment by section 201(d)(7) of Pub. L. 97-248 applicable to
taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1982, see section 201(e)(1)
of Pub. L. 97-248, set out as a note under section 5 of this title.
Section 328(c) of Pub. L. 97-248 provided that: ''The amendments
made by this section (amending this section and sections 6015,
6073, and 6153 of this title) shall apply to taxable years
beginning after December 31, 1982.''
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1981 AMENDMENT
Section 601(c)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 97-34 provided that:
''(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), subsection (a)
(amending this section and sections 6429 and 6655 of this title)
shall take effect on January 1, 1981.
''(2) The amendments made by paragraph (6) of subsection (a)
(amending this section and section 6655 of this title) shall take
effect on January 1, 1980.''
Amendment by section 725(b), (c)(5) of Pub. L. 97-34 applicable
to estimated tax for taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1980,
see section 725(d) of Pub. L. 97-34, set out as a note under
section 871 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1978 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 95-600 applicable to taxable years beginning
after Dec. 31, 1978, see section 421(g) of Pub. L. 95-600, set out
as a note under section 5 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1977 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 95-30 applicable to taxable years beginning
after Dec. 31, 1976, see section 106(a) of Pub. L. 95-30, set out
as a note under section 1 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1976 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 94-455 effective first day of first month
which begins more than 90 days after Oct. 4, 1976, see section
1906(d)(1) of Pub. L. 94-455, set out as a note under section 6013
of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1975 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 93-625 effective July 1, 1975, and
applicable to amounts outstanding on such date or arising
thereafter, see section 7(e) of Pub. L. 93-625, set out as an
Effective Date note under section 6621 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1973 AMENDMENTS
Amendment by Pub. L. 93-233 applicable only with respect to
remuneration paid after, and taxable years beginning after, 1973,
see section 5(e) of Pub. L. 93-233, set out as a note under section
409 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.
Amendment by Pub. L. 93-66 applicable only with respect to
remuneration paid after, and taxable years beginning after, 1973,
see section 203(e) of Pub. L. 93-66, set out as a note under
section 409 of Title 42.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1972 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 92-336 applicable only with respect to
taxable years beginning after 1972, see section 203(c) of Pub.
92-336, set out as a note under section 409 of Title 42, The Public
Health and Welfare.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1971 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 92-5 applicable only with respect to taxable
years beginning after 1971, see section 203(c) of Pub. L. 92-5, set
out as a note under section 409 of Title 42, The Public Health and
Welfare.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1969 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 91-172 applicable to taxable years ending
after Dec. 31, 1969, see section 301(c) of Pub. L. 91-172, set out
as a note under section 5 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1966 AMENDMENT
Section 102(d) of Pub. L. 89-368 provided that: ''The amendments
made by subsections (a) amending section 6015 of this title), (b)
(amending this section and sections 1403, 6211, and 7701 of this
title), and (c) (amending section 1402 of this title) shall apply
with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1966.''
Section 103(b) of Pub. L. 89-368 provided that: ''The amendments
made by subsection (a) (amending this section) shall apply with
respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1966.''
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1962 AMENDMENT
Section 2 of Pub. L. 87-682 provided that: ''The amendments made
by the first section of this Act (amending this section and
sections 6015, 6073, and 6153 of this title) shall apply only with
respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1962.''
WAIVER OF ESTIMATED TAX PENALTIES FOR 1998 UNDERPAYMENTS
Pub. L. 105-206, Sec. 1(c), July 22, 1998, 112 Stat. 685,
provided that: ''No addition to tax shall be made under section
6654 or 6655 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 with respect to
any underpayment of an installment required to be paid on or before
the 30th day after the date of the enactment of this Act (July 22,
1998) to the extent such underpayment was created or increased by
any provision of this Act (see Tables for classification).''
Section 1(d) of Pub. L. 105-34 provided that: ''No addition to
tax shall be made under section 6654 or 6655 of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 for any period before January 1, 1998, for any
payment the due date of which is before January 16, 1998, with
respect to any underpayment attributable to such period to the
extent such underpayment was created or increased by any provision
of this Act (see Tables for classification).''
UNDERPAYMENTS OF ESTIMATED TAX FOR 1996
Pub. L. 104-188, title I, Sec. 1102, Aug. 20, 1996, 110 Stat.
1758, provided that: ''No addition to the tax shall be made under
section 6654 or 6655 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating
to failure to pay estimated tax) with respect to any underpayment
of an installment required to be paid before the date of the
enactment of this Act (Aug. 20, 1996) to the extent such
underpayment was created or increased by any provision of this
title (title I (Sec. 1101-1954) of Pub. L. 104-188, see Tables for
classification).''
WAIVER OF ESTIMATED PENALTIES FOR 1993 UNDERPAYMENTS ATTRIBUTABLE
TO REVENUE RECONCILIATION ACT OF 1993
Section 13001(d) of Pub. L. 103-66 provided that: ''No addition
to tax shall be made under section 6654 or 6655 of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 for any period before April 16, 1994 (March
16, 1994, in the case of a corporation), with respect to any
underpayment to the extent such underpayment was created or
increased by any provision of this chapter (chapter 1 (Sec.
13001-13444) of title XIII of Pub. L. 103-66, see Tables for
classification).''
WAIVER OF ESTIMATED TAX PENALTIES FOR UNDERPAYMENTS ATTRIBUTABLE TO
SECTION 420(B)(4)(B) OF THIS TITLE
No addition to tax to be made under this section for taxable year
preceding taxpayer's first taxable year beginning after Dec. 31,
1990, with respect to any underpayment to the extent such
underpayment was created or increased by reason of section
420(b)(4)(B) of this title, see section 12011(c)(2) of Pub. L.
101-508, set out as an Effective Date note under section 420 of
this title.
WAIVER OF ESTIMATED PENALTIES FOR 1988 UNDERPAYMENTS ATTRIBUTABLE
TO TECHNICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS REVENUE ACT OF 1988
No addition to tax to be made under this section for any period
before Apr. 16, 1989, with respect to any underpayment to the
extent that such underpayment was created or increased by any
provision of title I (Sec. 1001-1019) or II (Sec. 2001-2006) of
Pub. L. 100-647, see section 1019(b) of Pub. L. 100-647, set out as
an Effective Date of 1988 Amendment note under section 1 of this
title.
PLAN AMENDMENTS NOT REQUIRED UNTIL JANUARY 1, 1989
For provisions directing that if any amendments made by subtitle
A or subtitle C of title XI (Sec. 1101-1147 and 1171-1177) or title
XVIII (Sec. 1800-1899A) of Pub. L. 99-514 require an amendment to
any plan, such plan amendment shall not be required to be made
before the first plan year beginning on or after Jan. 1, 1989, see
section 1140 of Pub. L. 99-514, as amended, set out as a note under
section 401 of this title.
WAIVER OF ESTIMATED PENALTIES FOR 1986 UNDERPAYMENTS ATTRIBUTABLE
TO TAX REFORM ACT OF 1986
Section 1543 of Pub. L. 99-514 provided that: ''No addition to
tax shall be made under section 6654 or 6655 of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to failure to pay estimated tax) for
any period before April 16, 1987 (March 16, 1987, in the case of a
taxpayer subject to section 6655 of such Code), with respect to any
underpayment, to the extent such underpayment was created or
increased by any provision of this Act (Pub. L. 99-514, see Tables
for classification).''
WAIVER OF ESTIMATED TAX PENALTIES
No addition to tax to be made under this section for any period
before Apr. 16, 1985, with respect to any underpayment, to the
extent that such underpayment was created or increased by any
provision of Pub. L. 98-369, div. A, see section 1879(a) of Pub.
L. 99-514, set out as a note under section 6655 of this title.
INCREASE IN SECTION 31 CREDIT FOR TAXABLE YEARS WHICH INCLUDE ANY
PORTION OF PERIOD JULY 1, 1983, TO DECEMBER 31, 1983
For purposes of determining the amount of any addition to tax
under this section with respect to any installment required to be
paid before July 1, 1983, the amount of the credit allowed by
section 31 of this title for any taxable year which includes any
portion of the period beginning July 1, 1983, and ending December
31, 1983, to be increased by an amount equal to 10 percent of the
aggregate amount of payments (1) which are received during the
portion of such taxable year after June 30, 1983, and before
January 1, 1984, and (2) which (but for the repeal of sections 3451
to 3456 of this title) would have been subject to withholding under
sections 3451 to 3456 of this title (determined without regard to
any exemption described in former section 3452 of this title, see
section 102(d) of Pub. L. 98-67, set out as a note under section
3451 of this title.
ESTIMATED TAX UNDERPAYMENTS CREATED OR INCREASED BY TAX REFORM ACT
OF 1976
Section 303 of Pub. L. 95-30, as amended by Pub. L. 99-514, Sec.
2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that: ''No addition to
the tax shall be made under section 6654 or 6655 of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 (formerly I.R.C. 1954) (relating to failure to
pay estimated income tax) for any period before April 16, 1977
(March 16, 1977, in the case of a taxpayer subject to section
6655), with respect to any underpayment, to the extent that such
underpayment was created or increased by any provision of the Tax
Reform Act of 1976 (Pub. L. 94-455).''
WAIVER OF PENALTY FOR UNDERPAYMENT OF 1971 ESTIMATED INCOME TAX
Pub. L. 92-178, title II, Sec. 207, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 512,
provided that subsec. (a) of this section did not apply to any
taxable year beginning after Dec. 31, 1970 and ending before Jan.
1, 1972, if the gross income for such taxable year did not exceed
$10,000 for a single individual other than head of household or a
married individual filing separately, or if the gross income did
not exceed $20,000 for a head of household, a surviving spouse, of
married individuals filing jointly, or if the taxpayer had income
from sources other than wages in excess of $200 or $400 in case of
a joint return.
DECLARATION OF ESTIMATED TAX
With respect to taxable years beginning before Dec. 30, 1969, if
a taxpayer is required to make a declaration, or to pay any amount
of estimated tax by reason of amendments made by Pub. L. 91-172,
such amount shall be paid ratably on each of the remaining
installment dates for the taxable year beginning with the first
installment date on or after Dec. 30, 1969; as to any declaration
or payment of estimates tax before the first installment date, this
section, and sections 6015, 6154, and 6655 of this title shall be
applied without regard to amendments made by Pub. L. 91-172, see
section 946(b) of Pub. L. 91-172, set out as a note under section
6153 of this title.
TAX SURCHARGE EXTENSION; DECLARATIONS OF ESTIMATED TAX
Requirement of making a declaration or amended declaration or
amended declaration of estimated tax or of payment of any amount or
additional amount of estimated tax by reason of amendment of
sections 51(a)(1)(A), (B), (2)(A) and 963(b) of this title as
calling for payment of such amount or additional amount ratably on
or before each of remaining installment dates for taxable year
beginning with first installment date on or after the 30th day
after Aug. 7, 1969; application of this section without regard to
such amendment with respect to any declaration or payment of
estimated tax before such first installment date; and definition of
''installment date'', see Pub. L. 91-53, Sec. 5(c), Aug. 7, 1969,
83 Stat. 95.
References
SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS
This section is referred to in sections 167, 460, 3510, 6201,
6428, 6601, 6621, 6622, 6651, 6658, 6665, 6751, 7203 of this title;
title 42 section 430.
